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PR may encourage turn-out and reduce apathy. PR rarely produces an absolute majority for one party, however, it could be argued that PR ensures greater continuity of government and requires greater consensus in policy-making. This makes them more inclined to tackle important local issues. PR can potentially provide a route for extremists to force their way into the political mainstream: under a FPTP electoral system this would be unlikely to happen.
PR can also reduce accountability to voters, as an ousted party of government can retain office by finding new coalition partners after an election. The adoption of PR list systems weakens the link between the elected representative and his or her constituency. What are the problems of representative democracy in the UK political system? What are the frequency of elections? Who is registered to vote in the UK?
What are constituencies? How are UK political parties regulated? How does voting happen in a UK General Election? How does a majoritarian system like FPTP work? What is the alternative vote AV electoral system. What is proportional representation PR? What is the single transferable vote electoral system? What is the additional member electoral system? Why is there now a variety of electoral systems? Why do people vote the way they do? How do we explain voting behaviour: social factors versus rational choice?
What time factors decide UK general election results? Should voting in the UK be made compulsory? How are political party systems analysed?
Does Britain have a multi-party system? How do UK electoral systems affect party systems? Should the UK voting age be lowered to 16? When does a UK by-election happen? Do UK by-elections matter? What is a referendum? When has the UK government held referendums? What are the arguments for and against having referendums? One of the major arguments for First Past the Post FPTP is that it produces stable single party governments that have a mandate to carry out a clear set of policies on the basis of the support of the largest number of voters.
Proportional Representation PR , in contrast, places a number of parties in Parliament, many of them small and this leads to unstable Coalition Government.
Small centrist parties with limited support from voters may be permanently in Government because they are always needed to form the governing coalition. For instance, if the party received 40 percent of the total votes, it should hold the same representative percentage to the legislative body.
Proponents of proportional representation argue that it brings about an elected body that reflects the overall distribution of public support for individual parties. It is critical to understand that an election is like a consensus of opinions as to how a nation should be governed. Advocates of proportional representation suggest that the benefits that accrue from such a system are not theoretical instead based on observed experience.
When the development of representatives was taking root, centuries ago, technological communication was at a nascent stage, which made elections local. It was impractical to vote for someone who is not residing at the same locality. Therefore, it was assumed that people would only elect someone they knew or address in their locality.
Thus, the country was divided into regions with proportional populations as well as a large number of electorates. This was the basis for proportional representation. It yielded a better result as compared to the present system.
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