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An attempt was made to lock a system resource that would have resulted in a deadlock situation. The new process image required more memory than was allowed by the hardware or by system-imposed memory management constraints. A lack of swap space is normally temporary; however, a lack of core is not. Soft limits may be increased to their corresponding hard limits.
An attempt was made to access a file in a way forbidden by its file access permissions. The system detected an invalid address in attempting to use an argument of a call. A block device operation was attempted on a non-block device or file.
An attempt to use a system resource which was in use at the time in a manner which would have conflicted with the request. An existing file was mentioned in an inappropriate context, for instance, as the new link name in a link 2 system call. A hard link to a file on another file system was attempted.
An attempt was made to apply an inappropriate function to a device, for example, trying to read a write-only device such as a printer. A component of the specified pathname existed, but it was not a directory, when a directory was expected.
An attempt was made to open a directory with write mode specified. Some invalid argument was supplied. For example, specifying an undefined signal to a signal 3 function or a kill 2 system call.
Maximum number of file descriptors allowable on the system has been reached and a requests for an open cannot be satisfied until at least one has been closed. As released, the limit on the number of open files per process is The getdtablesize 2 system call will obtain the current limit. A control function see ioctl 2 was attempted for a file or special device for which the opera- tion was inappropriate. The new process was a pure procedure shared text file which was open for writing by another process, or while the pure procedure file was being executed an open 2 call requested write access.
The size of a file exceeded the maximum. A write 2 to an ordinary file, the creation of a directory or symbolic link, or the creation of a direc- tory entry failed because no more disk blocks were available on the file system, or the allocation of an inode for a newly created file failed because no more inodes were available on the file system. An lseek 2 system call was issued on a socket, pipe or FIFO.
An attempt was made to modify a file or directory on a file system that was read-only at the time. Maximum allowable hard links to a single file has been exceeded limit of hard links per file. A write on a pipe, socket or FIFO for which there is no process to read the data. A numerical input argument was outside the defined domain of the mathematical function. A numerical result of the function was too large to fit in the available space perhaps exceeded precision.
This is a temporary condition and later calls to the same routine may complete normally. An operation that takes a long time to complete such as a connect 2 was attempted on a non- blocking object see fcntl 2.
An operation was attempted on a non-blocking object that already had an operation in progress. A required address was omitted from an operation on a socket. A message sent on a socket was larger than the internal message buffer or some other network limit.
A protocol was specified that does not support the semantics of the socket type requested. A bad option or level was specified in a getsockopt 2 or setsockopt 2 call. The protocol has not been configured into the system or no implementation for it exists.
The support for the socket type has not been configured into the system or no implementation for it exists. The attempted operation is not supported for the type of object referenced. Usually this occurs when a file descriptor refers to a file or socket that cannot support this operation, for example, trying to accept a connection on a datagram socket.
The protocol family has not been configured into the system or no implementation for it exists. An address incompatible with the requested protocol was used.
Only one usage of each address is normally permitted. Normally results from an attempt to create a socket with an address not on this machine. A socket operation encountered a dead network. A socket operation was attempted to an unreachable network. The host you were connected to crashed and rebooted. A connection abort was caused internal to your host machine. A connection was forcibly closed by a peer. This normally results from a loss of the connection on the remote socket due to a timeout or a reboot.
An operation on a socket or pipe was not performed because the system lacked sufficient buffer space or because a queue was full. A connect 2 request was made on an already connected socket; or, a sendto 2 or sendmsg 2 request on a connected socket specified a destination when already connected.
An request to send or receive data was disallowed because the socket was not connected and when send- ing on a datagram socket no address was supplied. A request to send data was disallowed because the socket had already been shut down with a previous shutdown 2 call.
A connect 2 or send 2 request failed because the connected party did not properly respond after a period of time. The timeout period is dependent on the communication protocol. No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it.
This usually results from trying to connect to a service that is inactive on the foreign host. A socket operation failed because the destination host was down. A socket operation was attempted to an unreachable host. A directory with entries other than '. The quota system ran out of table entries.
A write 2 to an ordinary file, the creation of a directory or symbolic link, or the creation of a directory entry failed because the user's quota of disk blocks was exhausted, or the allocation of an inode for a newly created file failed because the user's quota of inodes was exhausted. An attempt was made to access an open file on an NFS file system which is now unavailable as referenced by the file descriptor.
This may indicate the file was deleted on the NFS server or some other catastrophic event occurred. Exchange of RPC information was unsuccessful. The version of RPC on the remote peer is not compatible with the local version. The requested program is not registered on the remote host. The requested version of the program is not available on the remote host RPC. An RPC call was attempted for a procedure which does not exist in the remote program.
A system-imposed limit on the number of simultaneous file locks was reached. Attempted a system call that is not available on this system. The file was the wrong type for the operation, or a data file had the wrong format. Attempted to use an invalid authentication ticket to mount a NFS file system. An authentication ticket must be obtained before the given NFS file system may be mounted.
An IPC identifier was removed while the current process was waiting on it. An IPC message queue does not contain a message of the desired type, or a message catalog does not contain the requested message. A numerical result of the function was too large to be stored in the caller provided space. The scheduled operation was canceled. While decoding a multibyte character the function came along an invalid or an incomplete sequence of bytes or the given wide character is invalid.
The specified extended attribute does not exist. A function or API is being abused in a way which could only be detected at run-time. An operation on a capability file descriptor requires greater privilege than the capability allows. Each active process in the system is uniquely identified by a non-negative integer called a process ID. The range of this ID is from 0 to Parent process ID A new process is created by a currently active process see fork 2.
The parent process ID of a process is initially the process ID of its creator. If the creating process exits, the parent process ID of each child is set to the ID of a system process, init 8. Process Group Each active process is a member of a process group that is identified by a non-negative integer called the process group ID. This is the process ID of the group leader. In C programming language , there is no direct support for error handling. You have to detect the failure and handle the error.
In C programming language, return values represents success or failure. Inside a C program, when a function fails, you should handle the errors accordingly, or at least record the errors in a log file. When you are running some program on Linux environment, you might notice that it gives some error number. You really need to know what error number 17 means. This article shows all available error numbers along with it descriptions. This article might be a handy reference for you, when you encounter an error number and you would like to know what it means.
The following C code snippet tries to open a file through open system call. There are two flags in the open call. At first execution, open got executed successfully, and it created the file since the file was not available. When you see an error number thrown by a C program on a Linux environment, you might find the above table handy to identify what those error number means.
Make sure to bookmark this article for future reference. Good article for beginners. But you gave nothing special more than formatting the contents of the linux errno headers. You could explain more each error so that beginners really get the problem behind it even if it is generic.
By the way, errno is not always a variable. In multithreaded programs it is a macro executing a function that returns the last error of the caller thread. So there is one errno for each thread.
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