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This situation, with the world ocean rising while the Black Sea was falling, could not last forever. Eventually, like a bathtub overflowing, the Mediterranean had to pour through into the Black Sea basin. The idea that ocean basins can flood catastrophically during periods of rising sea levels is nothing new in geology.
Five million years ago, long before there were any humans around, just such an event occurred. The level of the Atlantic Ocean had dropped, or some tectonic event had occurred, with the result that water could no longer get through, and the Mediterranean gradually shrank down to a desert spotted with a few salty bits of ocean.
Subsequently, when either the Atlantic rose again or another geological change took place, ocean water began pouring back into the former sea. The basin filled, and the present-day Mediterranean was created. We know such things because sediments reveal history. Ryan and Pitman began taking cores of the present-day Black Sea. The cores seemed to be telling a strange story indeed, particularly in the northern areas.
At the very bottom of the cores, dozens of feet below the present seafloor, they found layered mud typical of river deltas. Carbon-dating of shells in this mud indicates that it was laid down between 18, and 8, years ago. When the rain is blocked from getting into the ground, it will stream towards sewer systems and natural troughs.
If those drainage systems or troughs become overwhelmed, it could lead to a flood. Rivers and streams also have a natural saturation level, and if enough rain falls in a short period of time, the water will overflow into an area known as a flood plain. If a levee or dam should fail during a heavy storm, a destructive flash flood would be unleashed on anything and anyone living below it.
A flood of this magnitude is often called a year or year flood, primarily because destruction at this level should only be expected to occur once every or years. This doesn't mean that a second flood of equal power won't occur the following year, however.
These places are the typical victims of flash floods, which are very dangerous and occur with no prior warning. The last factor is climate change. No matter what position you hold on the issue, the effect of climate change is increasing the sea levels. The increase in sea levels has a trickle-down effect on the global ecosystem. Chronic flooding is happening in flood plains and costal areas. Cities such as Venice and many US cities will experience more flood-risks due to this rise in water levels.
Costal communities are at the highest risk of danger, because the higher the water goes the more land areas it will begin to claim.
Floods are among the most lethal and damaging natural disasters in the world. Many flood-related property damages stem from the mud and silt build up on said properties, which can wreak destruction. Along with the cost of damages, flood-related deaths are also increasing. Yearly, more than people die as an effect of floods. Other dangers associated with floods is their contribution to excess water contamination.
Pollutants and man-made objects tend to contaminate locales with various harmful materials- such as shattered debris and untreated sewage that can directly contribute to diseases in the general area. Unfortunately there is no magical cure-all for floods. However, contributing and helping to alleviate climate change can aid future generations. Consistent preparation is something that can be done regarding floods that can effect the here and now.
They can also send a rush of water from the ocean onto coastlines in an event called a storm surge, which floods low-lying areas. Learn more about how hurricanes form. Florence dropped nearly 36 inches of rain in Elizabethtown, North Carolina, and led to widespread flooding throughout the Carolinas.
Credit: NOAA. Another phenomenon that can cause extreme rainfall is called an atmospheric river. Atmospheric rivers are long, narrow conveyor belts of moisture that move through the atmosphere. Strong atmospheric rivers can deliver enormous amounts of rain and snow in California, the Pacific Northwest and Alaska, especially during the winter months.
This can lead to serious flooding and mudslides. The ABI can also determine the amount of total moisture in the atmosphere from the ground all the way to the top of the atmosphere.
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