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Download Article Explore this Article parts. Tips and Warnings. Things You'll Need. Related Articles. Article Summary. Part 1. Plant hemp seeds in late spring. Wait until after the last frost to plant hemp seeds.
Check the temperature 1 inch 2. Once the temperature has been consistent for a few days, you can plant your seeds. Grow hemp in a field with well-aerated soil with a pH between Check the pH of the soil with a probe or paper test strips to see if the soil has the right growing conditions.
Break the soil up using a hoe or tiller to aerate it. While hemp grows in most soils, poorly-drained soil could cause damage to your plants. Use a seed drill attached to a lawnmower or tractor to space your seeds evenly and cover them with soil.
Pour the seeds into the hopper and let the machine do the work for you. Spread the seeds further apart if you want to harvest seeds. This encourages the plants to branch out and grow shorter. Clean the machine after you use it. Ask local farm machinery stores to see if they have seed drills available to buy or rent. Part 2. Water your hemp 12—15 in 30—38 cm throughout the growing season. Check the moisture of the soil by sticking your finger down to the first knuckle.
Watering is the most important within the first 6 weeks of growth while the plant is still young. After that, hemp is drought-resistant and can survive without water for a few days. Spread a nitrogen-rich fertilizer over your crops. Put the fertilizer down between the rows of hemp rather than directly on the plants. Water your hemp immediately after you apply the fertilizer so it absorbs into the soil.
Spray a pre-emergent herbicide on your hemp. Though most hemp crops will block any weeds from growing, use a garden sprayer filled with pre-emergent herbicide on your hemp once it germinates.
Part 3. Collect the stalks with a sickle as soon as seeds start to develop. Cut the stalk as close to the ground as you can to get the most fibers. If you have a small crop, use a handheld sickle in a back and forth motion to slice the stalks. For larger crops, consider buying or renting a sickle-bar attachment for a tractor. Leave the stalks in the field for 5 weeks. Pile the stalks on top of one another so the outer shell can rot slightly.
During this time, microbes and moisture will work to separate the bonds that hold the stems together. This process can take up to 5 weeks. Stand the stalks up on end and separate them so they can completely dry out. Use a moisture meter to figure out how much water the stems are still retaining.
Use a decorator to separate the fibers. A decorticator is a machine with 2 rollers that break off the exterior pieces of the hemp stalk. After turning the machine on, feed stalks of hemp at a time through the rollers. The fibers will come out on the other side of the machine where you can then collect them. Part 4.
Harvest hemp seeds with a sickle after 16 weeks. Feel the seed pods near the flowers to see if they are hard to the touch. At this point, most of the leaves will have fallen off of the stalk. Hold the top of the stalk and cut just below the lowest seed pod with a sickle.
Leave any fallen leaves in the soil to use as compost for next year. Thresh the seeds onto a tarp. Lay a tarp down in a well-ventilated area so it lays flat on the ground. Hold the stems in your non-dominant hand and then hit them with a baseball bat or stick to break the seeds off over the tarp. Winnow the seeds to remove any residue. Transfer the seeds into a 5 US gal 19 L bucket. Hold the bucket 1 foot 30 cm over a second empty bucket and pour the seeds into it.
When you do this, any residue from the stem will blow away. The goal is to keep temperatures between 68 degrees Fahrenheit and 77 degrees Fahrenheit at all times. However, air temperature is just one part of the equation for getting your hemp seedlings to thrive.
Relative humidity refers to the amount of humidity present in the air at any given temperature compared to the highest level possible. For hemp seedlings, a relative humidity level between 65 percent and 70 percent is optimal. Doming seedlings are the best and easiest way to maintain proper levels of relative humidity. That typically means purchasing high-output grow lamps.
Lamps need to be positioned directly above your germinating seedlings with a few inches to spare. Your seedlings need light virtually around the clock during the photoperiod. That means that your lamps need to be on between 18 and 24 hours per day. In addition, be sure to keep bulbs a safe distance from plants to prevent fire hazards.
However, it can be helpful to move to grow lamps as close as possible if you notice that your seedlings are stretching. A floppy stretched seedling could be a telltale sign that your light is positioned too far away. Generally, grow lamps should be used with timer settings to ensure consistent light exposure. Seedling nutrition is essential for getting the output. A big part of hemp nutrition is fertilizer. However, timing is everything when it comes to properly feed your hemp seedlings.
Immature hemp that still has minimal root development is at risk of being over-fertilized and over-watered. The right balance can often be achieved by supplying nutrients at half or quarter strengths. What is the specific feed you should use with hemp? Your seedlings will eventually be mature enough to be transplanted!
How will you know? Your first transplant is really just a transitional step. Mature flowering plants do need temperatures between 68 degrees Fahrenheit and 77 degrees Fahrenheit.
Relative humidity should generally fall in the range between 40 percent and 50 percent. Allowing the air to go stagnant within your growing space exposes your plants to risks from pest infestations and fungal diseases. Proper venting is essential if your growing area is tented or covered in some way. Many growers find that oscillating fans are effective at keeping air moving just enough to avoid some of the common threats for plants in enclosed growing spaces. Flowering plants can be shifted to split-day light exposure.
That means dividing light and dark into hour periods. A timed grow lamp is often the best method for ensuring consistency. Flowering plants do need consistent watering. However, the goal is to prevent them from drying out without necessarily saturating them in water.
You can either harvest hemp seed or hemp fiber. Both present their own advantages and challenges. Hemp fiber is generally ready to be harvested once you notice that the plant has finished pollen production. Generally, the big telltale sign is that the first seeds are developing. The denser fiber harvested from male hemp plants dies shortly after pollination is complete. Tall, intact fibers are the most desirable. You should go into seed harvesting with the knowledge that this is a very difficult endeavor.
You may even witness seeds on the same plant maturing at different rates.
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